For calculation diagrams, the "2D | Hinge" is available. These hinge diagrams show the hinge response of load situations for nonlinear hinges.
For calculations with several load situations, such as is the case with pushover analyzes and time history analysis, you can evaluate the state of the hinge in each load step.
You have the option to perform the fire resistance design of surfaces using the reduced cross-section method. The reduction is applied over the surface thickness. It is possible to perform the design checks for all timber materials allowed for the design.
For cross-laminated timber, depending on the type of adhesive, you can select whether it is possible for individual carbonized layer parts to fall off, and whether you can expect increased charring in certain layer areas.
The Concrete Design add-on provides you with the option to perform the simplified fire resistance design according to EN 1992‑1‑2 for columns (Section 5.3.2) and beams (Section 5.6).
The following design checks are available for the simplified fire resistance design:
Columns: Minimum cross-sectional dimensions for rectangular and circular sections according to Table 5.2a as well as Equation 5.7 for calculating time of fire exposure
Beams: Minimum dimensions and center distances according to Table 5.5 and Table 5.6
You can determine the internal forces for the fire resistance design according to two methods.
1 Here, the internal forces of the accidental design situation are included directly into the design.
2 The internal forces of the design at normal temperature are reduced by the factor Eta,fi (ηfi), then used in the fire resistance design.
Furthermore, it is possible to modify the axis distance according to Eq. 5.5.
The program does a lot of work for you. For example, the load or result combinations required for the serviceability limit state are generated and calculated in RFEM/RSTAB. You can select these design situations for the deflection analysis in the Aluminum Design add-on. Depending on the specified precamber and reference system, the program determines the deformation values at each location of a member. They are then compared to the limit values.
You can specify the deformation limit value individually for each structural component in Serviceability Configuration. In this case, you define the maximum deformation depending on the reference length as the allowable limit value. By defining design supports, you can segment the components. In this way, you can determine the corresponding reference length automatically for each design direction.
And that's not all. Based on the position of the assigned design supports, the program allows you to automatically determine the distinction between beams and cantilevers. The limit value is thus determined accordingly.
Various design parameters of the cross-sections can be adjusted in the serviceability limit state configuration. The applied cross-section condition for the deformation and crack width analysis can be controlled there.
For this, the following settings can be activated:
Crack state calculated from associated load
Crack state determined as an envelope from all SLS design situations
Cracked state of cross-section - independent of load
In addition to other predefined components in the design add-on for steel connections, the universal base component "General Weld" can be used to enter complex connection situations.
You have several options available to define masses for a modal analysis. While the masses due to self-weight are considered automatically, you can consider the loads and masses directly in a load case of the modal analysis type. Do you need more options? Select whether to consider full loads as masses, load components in the global Z-direction, or only the load components in the direction of gravity.
The program offers you an additional or alternative option for importing masses: A manual definition of load combinations as of which are the masses considered in the modal analysis. Have you selected a design standard? You can then create a design situation with the Seismic Mass combination type. Thus, the program automatically calculates a mass situation for the modal analysis according to the preferred design standard. In other words: The program creates a load combination on the basis of the preset combination coefficients for the selected standard. This contains the masses used for the modal analysis.
RFEM allows you to use a special line hinge to model the special properties of the connection between the reinforced concrete slab and masonry wall. This limits the transferable forces of the connection depending on the specified geometry. You guess right: This means that the material cannot be overloaded.
The program develops interaction diagrams that are applied automatically. They represent the various geometric situations and you can use them to determine the correct stiffness.
RFEM/RSTAB also provides a range of functions for the case of a fire. The program allows for the automatic generation of load and result combinations for the accidental design situation of fire design. The members to be designed with the corresponding internal forces are imported directly from RFEM/RSTAB. Also, all information about the material and cross-section is stored. You don't need to do anything else.
You only define the parameters relevant for the fire resistance design by assigning a fire resistance configuration to the members and surfaces to be designed. Moreover, you can also make further detailed settings, such as the definition of the fire exposure on one side up to all sides.
As you probably know, the design checks for the selected members are carried out, taking into account the defined charring time. All necessary reduction factors and coefficients are stored accordingly in the program and are taken into account when determining the load-bearing capacity. That saves you a lot of work.
The effective lengths for the equivalent member design are taken directly from the strength entries. You do not have to enter them again.
After completing the design, the program presents the fire resistance design checks clearly and with all result details. This allows you to follow the results completely transparently. The results also contain all the required parameters, so you can determine the component temperature at the design time.
In addition to all these features, the program allows you to integrate all result tables and graphics, including the ultimate and serviceability limit state results,into the global printout report of RFEM/RSTAB as a part of the steel design results.
There is often no fire resistance design for the lateral supports of a structure. Would you like to handle this differently in your project? In order to consider this in the calculation, you can define other equivalent member lengths for the fire situation.
Your RFEM/RSTAB program is responsible for generating and calculating the load and result combinations required for the serviceability limit state. Select the design situations for the deflection analysis in the Timber Design add-on. The calculated deformation values are then determined at each location of a member, depending on the specified precamber and the reference system, and then compared to the limit values.
You can specify the deformation limit value individually for each structural component in Serviceability Configuration. In this case, the maximum deformation should not exceed the permissible limit value, depending on the reference length. When defining design supports, you can segment the components. This allows you to determine the corresponding reference length automatically for each design direction.
Based on the position of the assigned design supports, the program automatically determines the difference between beams and cantilevers. Thus, you can be sure that the limit value is determined accordingly.
In RFEM/RSTAB, you have the option to generate and then calculate the load or result combinations required for the serviceability limit state. You can select these design situations for the deflection analysis in the Steel Design add-on. The calculated deformation values are determined accordingly at each location of a member, depending on the specified precamber and reference system. Finaly, you can compare these deformation values with the limit values.
Did you know? You can specify the deformation limit value individually for each structural component in Serviceability Configuration. Define the maximum deformation depending on the reference length as the allowable limit value. By defining design supports, you can segment the components in order to determine the corresponding reference length automatically for each design direction.
Based on the position of the assigned design supports, the distinction between beams and cantilevers is made automatically so the limit value can be determined accordingly.
The structural analysis programs RFEM/RSTAB offer you a wide range of automated functions that make your dayily work easier. One of them is the automatic generation of load and result combinations for the accidental design situation of fire design. The members to be designed with the corresponding internal forces are imported directly from RFEM/RSTAB. You don't need to do anything else. The program has also already stored all information about the material and cross-section for you.
By assigning a fire resistance configuration to the members to be designed, you define the parameters relevant for the fire resistance design. Here you can manually specify the critical steel temperature at the design time. Or let the program to determine the temperature determined automatically for a specified fire duration. You can select from various fire temperature curves and fire protection measures. It is also possible to make further detailed settings, such as the definition of the fire exposure on all sides or three sides
The design checks for the members you have selected are carried out taking into account the governing component temperature. You can perform the cross-section design checks and stability analyses according to EN 1993‑1‑2, Section 4.2.3, in the Steel Design add-on. All reduction factors and coefficients that are necessary are stored accordingly and are taken into account when determining the load-bearing capacity.
The effective lengths for the equivalent member design are taken directly from the strength entries. You don't need to enter them again.
In each design, perform the cross-section classification first. For the cross-sections of Class 4, the design is performed automatically according to EN 1993‑1‑2, Annex E.
After completing the design, the Dlubal Software presents the fire resistance design checks clearly and with all result details. This makes the results comprehensible in detail. Furthermore, the results also contain all the parameters required for the determination of the component temperature at the design time.
You can also specifically evaluate the temperature distribution in the structural component using the temperature-time diagram.
All result tables and graphics, including the ultimate and serviceability limit state results, can be integrated into the global printout report of RFEM/RSTAB as a part of the steel design results.
Perform the fire resistance design with a reduced load-bearing capacity according to the component temperature determined automatically right at the design time. You can determine this automatically according to various temperature curves in the program (a standard temperature-time curve, an external fire curve, a hydrocarbon curve). For other types of temperature determination, it is also possible for you to manually specify the temperature to be applied in the design. You can determine this, for example, according to the parametric temperature-time curve from DIN EN 1991‑1‑2 or from a fire protection report.
The component temperature to be applied at the design time is determined automatically. You can adjust the coefficients used to determine the temperature. In this step, it is best for you to also select the hot-dip galvanizing. According to the DASt Guideline 027 "Determination of Component Temperature of Hot-Dip Galvanized Steel Components in Case of Fire", a lower emissivity of the steel surface is applied up to a limit temperature. Overall, this gives you a lower temperature for the thus more favorable fire resistance design.
The governing component temperature at the time of analysis can be determined for the fire resistance design automatically using the input. In this case, you can follow the temperature curve in detail as a function of timeby displaying the temperature-time diagram.
Graphical display of the connection geometry that is updated in parallel with the input
The Steel Joints Template included in the Add-on allows you to select from several connection types and, when selected, is applied to your model
In the Template, there are connections from 3 general categories: Rigid, Pinned, Truss
Automatic adaptation of the connection geometry, even if the members are subsequently edited, due to the relative relation of the components to each other
Use the new combination wizards to make your work easier. They fill the design situations with load or result combinations on the basis of an automatic or semi-automatic generation conforming to the standards.
Use design situations to support your design checks. They allow you to collect the relevant load situations for design For example, you can define a design situation for the design of different materials.
Compared to the RF‑/STEEL EC3 add-on module (RFEM 5 / RSTAB 8), the following new features have been added to the Steel Design add-on for RFEM 6 / RSTAB 9:
In addition to Eurocode 3, other international standards are integrated (such as AISC 360, CSA S16, GB 50017, SP 16.13330)
Consideration of hot-dip galvanizing (DASt guideline 027) in the fire protection design according to EN 1993‑1‑2
Input option for transverse stiffeners that can be taken into account in the shear buckling analysis
Lateral-torsional buckling can also be checked for hollow sections (for example, relevant for slender, high rectangular hollow sections)
Automatic detection of members or member sets valid for the design (for example, automatic deactivation of members with invalid material or members already contained in a member set)
Design settings can be adjusted individually for each member
Graphical display of the results in the gross section or the effective section
Output of the used design check formulas (including a reference to the used equation from the standard)
Compared to the RF‑/TIMBER Pro add-on module (RFEM 5 / RSTAB 8), the following new features have been added to the Timber Design add-on for RFEM 6 / RSTAB 9:
In addition to Eurocode 5, other international standards are integrated (SIA 265, ANSI/AWC NDS, CSA O86, GB 50005)
Design of compression perpendicular to grain (support pressure)
Implementation of eigenvalue solver for determining the critical moment for lateral-torsional buckling (EC 5 only)
Definition of different effective lengths for design at normal temperature and fire resistance design
Evaluation of stresses via unit stresses (FEA)
Optimized stability analyses for tapered members
Unification of the materials for all national annexes (only one "EN" standard is now available in the material library for a better overview)
Display of cross-section weakenings directly in the rendering
Output of the used design check formulas (including a reference to the used equation from the standard)